This book discusses the social and cultural characteristics of the First Nations peoples of Ontario, from early prehistoric times to present day. It aims to provide an accessible introduction to the complex and diverse socio-economic issues, histories, and cultures of the First Nations of Ontario, situated within the larger context of Indigenous issues in Canada. The author examines historical transitions and contemporary conditions, covering such topics as treaties, the archaeology of the Province of Ontario, neo-colonial trends, restorative justice, and the present challenges facing the Indigenous population. Text boxes scattered throughout the text offer profiles of notable Indigenous personalities in Ontario, and the appendices provide profiles on every First Nation in Ontario and an extensive listing of various internet resources.

Introducing First Nations and their characteristics -- First Nations in Ontario's ancient past -- Algonquian hunters of the boreal forest -- The Wendat and Haudenosaunee of the Eastern Woodlands -- Ontario treaties and land claims -- Social movements and current events.